Middle ear infection is the most common disease in infants and young children after the common cold. It can occur at any age, but is more common between 4 months and 5 years old. Of course, middle ear infections can also occur in adults, but they are much less common. Depending on the duration of the disease, middle ear infection is classified as acute, effusive, or chronic.

Children are more susceptible than adults because their Eustachian tubes (the tubes that connect the middle ear and the nasopharynx) are shorter and more inclined, which makes them more susceptible to blockages. When there is acute or chronic inflammation in the area behind the eardrum (middle ear), we refer to middle ear infection.

In most cases, middle ear infection is caused by infection of the upper respiratory tract, which causes swelling and inflammation of the nasal cavity and Eustachian tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, resulting in fluid retention in the middle ear.

This fluid can cause discomfort and help bacteria grow, leading to acute infections of the middle ear. Diagnosis of otitis media is made after a clinical examination using an otoscope by your family doctor.

Clinical examination includes not only examination of the ears, but also examination of the throat and nose. The doctor will determine the appropriate treatment plan. Treatment may include pain relief medication, antibiotics (if a bacterial infection is present), or in severe cases, surgical intervention.

Preventing middle ear infections involves taking steps to reduce the risk of upper respiratory infections, such as washing hands frequently, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and getting vaccinated against influenza and pneumococcal infections. Breastfeeding for at least six months can also help reduce the risk of middle ear infections in infants.

Middle ear infection is a common condition, particularly among infants and young children, but can occur at any age. It is caused by inflammation and fluid buildup behind the eardrum, often resulting from upper respiratory infections. If you suspect that you or your child may have a middle ear infection, it is important to seek medical attention promptly to prevent complications and receive appropriate treatment.